Understanding Compost Types
Walking into a garden centre and facing rows of compost bags can be overwhelming. Multipurpose, ericaceous, peat-free, seed compost - what do they all mean, and which one does your garden actually need?
Multipurpose Compost
This is your garden workhorse. Multipurpose compost is designed for general use across containers, raised beds, and borders. It typically contains a balanced mix of nutrients suitable for most plants and provides good drainage while retaining moisture.
Best for: Container planting, hanging baskets, general potting, and topping up borders.
Ericaceous Compost
Ericaceous (acid-loving) compost has a lower pH, making it essential for plants like rhododendrons, azaleas, camellias, blueberries, and heathers. These plants struggle in alkaline soil and need acidic conditions to access nutrients properly.
Best for: Acid-loving plants, particularly if you have alkaline soil in your garden.
Peat-Free Compost
Peat-free alternatives use sustainable materials like coir, wood fibre, and composted bark instead of peat extracted from environmentally sensitive bogs. Modern peat-free composts have improved significantly and perform well for most gardening tasks.
Best for: Environmentally conscious gardeners looking for sustainable options without compromising plant health.
Seed & Cutting Compost
Finely textured with lower nutrient levels, seed compost provides the perfect environment for germination. The fine texture ensures good seed-to-soil contact, while lower nutrients prevent seedlings from becoming leggy.
Best for: Starting seeds indoors and rooting cuttings.
John Innes Composts
These soil-based composts (numbered 1, 2, and 3) contain loam, peat, and sand with increasing nutrient levels. They're heavier than peat-based alternatives, providing stability for larger plants and longer-lasting nutrients.
Best for: Long-term container planting, particularly for shrubs and perennials. Use No.1 for seedlings, No.2 for general potting, and No.3 for established plants.
Top Tips for Compost Success
- Store properly: Keep bags sealed and dry to maintain quality
- Refresh annually: Replace compost in containers each spring for best results
- Mix and match: Combine multipurpose with garden soil for raised beds
- Check the label: Look for nutrient content and whether feeding will be needed
- Consider sustainability: Peat-free options are increasingly effective and better for the environment
Still Unsure?
If you're uncertain which compost suits your project, our team is always happy to help. Bring in a photo of your plant or describe your project, and we'll point you in the right direction.
Happy planting!